SAT閱讀高分策略之短雙文章技巧

摘要： 本文主要以短雙文章為例，講解短雙文章解題步驟，并介紹SAT閱讀中
       的求異題，求同題及互聯(lián)題。

一．SAT閱讀文章分類
  根據(jù)不同分類標準，SAT閱讀文章類型可歸納為：
  根據(jù)文章體裁：non-literary / literary fiction
  根據(jù)文章長度：short passage / long passage
  根據(jù)文章數(shù)量：single passage / paired passages
  具體而言，文章題材涵蓋了移民文化 （cross-culture and emigration），黑人土著 (Black Americans & Native Americans)，女性女權(quán) (women & feminism)，生物環(huán)境 (biology & environment)，自然科學 (natural science)，文學作品 (literary fiction)，藝術(shù)評論 (art criticism)，社會研究 (social studies)等。

二．短雙文章解題策略
短雙文章簡介：
？ 數(shù)    量:  1
？ 形    式:  Passage1 & Passage2 + 4～5 Qs
？ 字    數(shù):  250-300/Passage1&Passage2
？ 完成時間:  5-6 mins

解題步驟：
①　閱讀兩篇文章
？ 閱讀每篇文章的首尾句及表轉(zhuǎn)折的句子
？ 找出兩篇文章的共同主題及關(guān)系（對比，補充說明，聯(lián)系較弱）
②　閱讀題目，識別題型，定位關(guān)鍵詞
③　閱讀選項并選擇

常見題型：
？ 求異題
？ ID:
Passage1 differs from Passage2 in that________________
Unlike Passage1, Passage2_________________________
Compared to Passage1, Passage2____________________
？ Solution:
   尋找兩篇文章在以下方面的不同：
   ① 觀點或態(tài)度
   ② 內(nèi)容
   ③ 寫作手法
   注意題目中問的到底是哪一篇文章的主題或觀點！

？ 求同題
？ ID:
Passage1 is similar/ analogous to Passage2 in that_______________
Which of the following statement is shared by Passage1 & Passage2?
Both passages__________
X in Passage1 is most like ________ in Passage2?
What do Passage1& Passage2 have in common?
？ Solution:
   尋找交集或其中一篇文章的讓步部分.

？ 互聯(lián)題
？ ID:
① Which best describes the relationship between the two passages?
② ____ in one passage would most likely + VERB +___ in another passage?
TYPES OF VERBS:
支持：support/ exemplify/agree with/espouse/strengthen
反對：weaken/undermine/discredit/criticize/damage
其他：respond to/react to/ claim/assert/argue/contend /suggest/
      consider/interpret /view/regard
？ Solution:
① 弄清題目中的已知信息
② 根據(jù)另一篇文章內(nèi)容和題目中的動詞找出最佳選項

范文解析：
    Questions 6-9 are based on the following passages.
    Passage 1
          The eighteenth-century botanist Carolus Linnaeus'
        enormous and essential contribution to natural history
       was to devise a system of classification whereby any
       plant or animal could be identified and slotted into
Line 5  an overall plan. Yet Linnaeus himself would probably
       have been the first to admit that classification is only
       a tool, and not the ultimate purpose, of biological
       inquiry. Unfortunately, this truth was not apparent
       to his immediate successors, who for the next hundred
Line10  years were to concern themselves almost exclusively
        with classification.
    Passage 2
          I am a heretic about Linnaeus. I do not dispute the
       value of the tool he gave natural science, but I am wary
       about the change it has effected on humans' relationship
Line15  to the world. From Linnaeus on, much of science has
        been devoted to sorting masses into individual entities
        and arranging the entities neatly. The cost of having so
        successfully itemized and pigeonholed nature is to limit
   certain possibilities of seeing and apprehending. For
Line20  example, the modem human thinks that he or she can
       best understand a tree (or a species of tree) by examining
       a single tree. But trees are not intended to g~ow in isolation.
       They are social creatures, and their society in turn supports
       other species of plants, insects, birds, mammals, and micro-
Line25  organisms, all of which make up the whole experience of
        the woods.

 6. Compared to the author of Passage 2, the author of Passage 1 regards
    Linnaeus with more
         (A) cynicism
         (B) bafflement
         (C) appreciation
         (D) nostalgia
         (E) resentment

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Choice (C) is correct. While the author of Passage 2 is critical of Linnaeus’ legacy, the author of Passage 1 expresses appreciation of his contribution to natural history, describing it as "enormous and essential."

7. Unlike the author of Passage 1, the author of Passage 2 makes use of
   (A) scientific data
   (B) literary allusion
   (C) historical research
   (D) personal voice
   (E) direct citation

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Choice (D) is correct. Unlike Passage 1, Passage 2 uses a first-person narrative voice that openly expresses the author’s "wariness" regarding Linnaeus' contribution to natural science.
8. Both passages emphasize which of the following aspects of Linnaeus' work?
   (A) The extent to which it contributed to natural science
   (B) The way in which it limits present-day science
   (C) The degree to which it revived interest in biology
   (D) The decisiveness with which it settled scientific disputes
   (E) The kinds of scientific discoveries on which it built

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Choice (A) is correct. Although the two authors judge Linnaeus’ work differently, they agree that his classificatory system has had a great influence on the field of natural science.
9. The author of Passage 1 would most likely respond to the opening of
   Passage 2 (lines 12-17) by arguing that the author of Passage 2 has
   (A) demonstrated that Linnaeus should be better known as a scientist than he
       currently is
   (B) minimized the achievements of those scientists who built on Linnaeus' work
   (C) refused to appreciate the importance of proper classification to scientific
      progress
   (D) failed to distinguish the ideas of Linnaeus from those of his followers
9

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Choice (D) is correct. The author of Passage 1 argues that unlike his followers, Linnaeus probably saw his system of classification as a tool, not the goal, of science. The author of Passage 2 does not make this distinction.      

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英語語言文學碩士，曾任大學英語教師，多年從事出國留學相關(guān)教學工作，主講SAT閱讀語法寫作，TOFEL全科，SSAT閱讀詞匯寫作，雅思閱讀聽力，深入研究各種考試出題方向，跟蹤考試動態(tài)，尤其專研各種閱讀考試，提倡“結(jié)構(gòu)式閱讀法”，講究技巧及方法的同時，強調(diào)英語能力的提高，善于因材施教，高分學員層出不窮，其中在TOFEL閱讀及聽力方面皆有培養(yǎng)出滿分學員。
【成功案例】
M同學托福聽力30分（滿分）A同學托�？谡Z23分（零基礎(chǔ)學員）S同學SAT閱讀620分……