雅思口語(yǔ)：如何妙用雅思詞匯

很少有人會(huì)否認(rèn)詞匯對(duì)于雅思口語(yǔ)的重要性，但同樣很少有人能在實(shí)際考試中把詞匯的重要性表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，不少考生在備考雅思口語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，就會(huì)陷入這樣的一個(gè)怪圈之中。本文，專家力圖在四個(gè)方面論證詞匯使用的極端重要性，這四方面同時(shí)也可被看作是雅思口語(yǔ)詞匯的四種用途：

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1. 同義詞/近義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換，以及同義詞鏈的掌握

2. 詞性的自由變換，特別是動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞/副詞之間的來(lái)回變動(dòng)

3. 詞組的使用范圍遠(yuǎn)大于單個(gè)單詞，尤其是動(dòng)詞詞組和形容詞詞組

4. 形象化、生動(dòng)化及趣味性的詞匯應(yīng)進(jìn)入我們的備考詞典

能做到以上四點(diǎn)的考生，就單憑詞匯上的一枝獨(dú)秀，也能在口語(yǔ)考試中贏得考官的青睞。下面我們通過(guò)真題實(shí)例來(lái)進(jìn)行逐一分析。

雅思詞匯妙用法一：同義詞/近義詞 & 同義詞鏈 

【真題實(shí)例】Can you tell me something about your student life?

【答題思路】雖然這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單到不能再簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，但我們也不能放棄妙用詞匯的一次機(jī)會(huì)。從積極的意義上講，學(xué)生生活一定是exciting, interesting, colorful, impressive, stimulating, fascinating的代名詞。問(wèn)題是：我們是否能在自己的回答中把這么多的同義詞/近義詞加以利用。

【參考答案】Well, my student life has so many interesting and exciting things to talk about. First, I have made a lot of wonderful friends at school, and we share many hobbies, duties and personal opinions. Then, there are a variety of colorful events on campus – almost every student joins a club, takes part in a social activity, or becomes a member of some organization. These events are not only fascinating for young people who like to explore the world, but are also stimulating in terms of developing our thinking skills and lifestyles.

該回答從兩個(gè)層面描述學(xué)校生活的精彩：一是結(jié)識(shí)了很多好朋友；二是有各種各樣的校園活動(dòng)。其間點(diǎn)綴的六個(gè)同義詞/近義詞組成了一條既結(jié)實(shí)、又豐富的同義詞鏈。

雅思詞匯妙用法二：三大詞性之間的“零換乘”

【真題實(shí)例】How can a company encourage its employees?

【答題思路】公司鼓勵(lì)員工的方式有很多，《劍六》中專門有一篇閱讀文章，叫Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions，有興趣的考生可以參考一下。其實(shí)光動(dòng)詞encourage和motivate，就含有不少詞性變換的生機(jī)：encourage → encouragement → encouraging; motivate → motivation → motivational。能把這兩串詞匯用好，就已經(jīng)非常令人刮目相看了。

【參考答案】For employees to really perform well, a company should think about how to encourage them at the workplace. For example, encouragement can come in the form of a big reward for those high achievers, so that they are motivated to work harder in the future. Also, even a public letter of recognition and praise is very encouraging. Sometimes, this kind of motivation can go a longer way than financial incentives. Finally, promoting a good worker to a higher position with greater responsibilities is an effective motivational exercise.

三種不同的鼓勵(lì)員工的方法在這里被一一道明：第一是豐厚的物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)（a big reward）；第二是公開(kāi)的表?yè)P(yáng)信（a public letter of recognition and praise）；第三是職位的晉升（promoting to a higher position）。其間展示的是encourage和motivate這兩大動(dòng)詞及其名詞、形容詞之間毫無(wú)障礙的自由切換。

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